E-DRUG: MJA: Pandemics, antiviral stockpiles and biosecurity in Australia: what about the generic option?
http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/183_11_051205/lok10852_fm.html
Buddhima Lokuge, Peter Drahos and Warwick Neville
eMJA rapid online publication 26 October 2005
Abstract
In view of the possibility of a human pandemic of avian influenza,
a first-line strategy for many countries is stockpiling of antiviral
neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir [Tamiflu] and zanamivir
[Relenza]), which can reduce mortality, morbidity and influenza
transmission.
However, global supply of the antivirals is controlled by the
European-based patent owners, Roche and GlaxoSmithKline. This prevents
competition in the manufacturing and distribution of antivirals and has
reduced global supply capacity and affordability.
The Australian Government has acknowledged that, in the event of a
pandemic, its own stockpile of antivirals will be limited and reserved
for those on a confidential rationing list. Pharmacies are running out
of stocks, limiting opportunities for individuals to secure supplies
privately.
Compulsory licensing provisions, permitted under domestic patent
law, would allow Australian generic manufacturers to start producing
antivirals locally or import them from generic producers at affordable
prices.
Australia also has an opportunity and a responsibility to promote
compulsory licensing and generic antiviral production in the Asian
region, to ensure our neighbours can establish pandemic stockpiles in a
timely and affordable manner.