Уважаемые коллеги,
в Бр Мед Ж опубликована статья, посвященная фармацевтическим инновациям
Pharmaceutical research and development: what do we get for all that money?
BMJ 2012; 345 doi: 10.1136/bmj.e4348 (Published 7 August 2012)
Donald W Light, professor 1,
Joel R Lexchin, professor2
В ней много интересного, но в отношение цены разработки вот абзац:
How much does research and development cost?
Although the pharmaceutical industry emphasises how much money it
devotes to discovering new drugs, little of that money actually goes
into basic research. Data from companies, the United States National
Science Foundation, and government reports indicate that companies have
been spending only 1.3% of revenues on basic research to discover new
molecules, net of taxpayer subsidies.23 More than four fifths of all
funds for basic research to discover new drugs and vaccines come from
public sources.24 Moreover, despite the industry’s frequent claims that
the cost of new drug discovery is now $1.3bn (£834m; €1bn),25 this
figure, which comes from the industry supported Tufts Center,26 has been
heavily criticised. Half that total comes from estimating how much
profit would have been made if the money had been invested in an index
fund of pharmaceutical companies that increased in value 11% a year,
compounded over 15 years.26 While used by finance committees to estimate
whether a new venture is worth investing in, these presumed profits (far
greater than the rise in the value of pharmaceutical stocks) should not
be counted as research and development costs on which profits are to be
made. Half of the remaining $0.65bn is paid by taxpayers through company
deductions and credits, bringing the estimate down to one quarter of
$1.3bn or $0.33bn.27 The Tufts study authors report that their estimate
was done on the most costly fifth of new drugs (those developed
in-house), which the authors reported were 3.44 times more costly than
the average, reducing the estimate to $90m. The median costs were a
third less than the average, or $60m. Deconstructing other inflators
would lower the estimate of costs even further.
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Vasiliy V. Vlassov, MD
President, Society for Evidence Based Medicine
e-mail: vlassov[a t]cochrane.ru
snail mail: P.O.Box 13 Moscow 109451 Russia
FAX: USA +1-215-2611492; Russia +7(495)6549353