[Vous trouverez ci-dessous le sommaire du "Bulletin of the World Health
Organization Volume 86, Number 3, March 2008, 161-240" aussi disponible à
cette adresse http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/en/index.html
Certains articles ont des résumés en français comme celui sur la politique
en matière de lait pour les bébés.CB]
Policy and practice
Towards a formula milk policy review
Bulletin of the World Health Organization | March 2008, 86 (3)
Résumé
VIH, alimentation du nourrisson et autres risques pour les personnes pauvres
: les nouvelles directives de
lOMS incitent à réviser les politiques en matière de lait pour nourrissons
Dans le contexte mondial actuel dappauvrissement généralisé, les nouvelles
directives de lOMS sur le VIH et lalimentation du nourrisson récemment
publiés demandent aux pays de réexaminer leurs politiques dalimentation du
nourrisson en tenant compte daspects socioéconomiques plus larges. Cet
élargissement de la perspective est motivé par de nouveaux rapports
convaincants sur lampleur à léchelle mondiale du sous-développement dans
les pays en développement. Le présent article étudie ces aspects en
examinant les choix en matière dalimentation du nourrisson faits par les
mères infectées par le VIH et les programmes fournissant gratuitement du
lait pour nourrisson dans un contexte mondial de pauvreté persistante. Les
preuves qui saccumulent dune augmentation de la malnutrition, de la
morbidité et de la mortalité liée à labstention ou à larrêt précoce de
lalimentation au sein par les mères infectées et les dangers imprévus de
lalimentation artificielle exigent une évaluation plus approfondie des
mesures nécessaires pour optimiser les politiques en matière dalimentation
du nourrisson et de lenfant et pour faire reculer la pauvreté. Les
interventions fragmentaires pour augmenter les ressources qui ne compensent
quune partie de lappauvrissement familial (fourniture de matières de base
pour préparer des aliments pour nourrissons conformes à lhygiène par
exemple) et prennent de mauvaises décisions concernant lalimentation du
nourrisson, sont condamnées à échouer. Il nexiste pas dalternative à la
prise de mesures fondamentales pour atténuer la pauvreté. Les coûts
dopportunité de tels programmes, les coûts en matière déquité de la
fourniture sélective de ressources et les pertes dues aux tentations de
vendre des biens en capital doivent être soigneusement évalués.
La fourniture de préparations pour nourrissons à des populations pauvres
subissant une forte prévalence du VIH ne peut se justifier par des éléments
factuels, des considérations humanitaires, le respect des traditions locales
ou des résultats économiques. Lalimentation exclusivement au sein, menacée
par lépidémie de VIH, reste la base inébranlable de la survie de lenfant.
Email alert: March issue of the WHO Bulletin
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Dear Reader,
The cover
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/historical_images/en/index3.html
of this month's issue of the Bulletin and several articles are
dedicated to the importance of health information. The lead editorial
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-052100.pdf> highlights one
of WHO's first statistical texts. In an interview
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-040308.pdf> , Sally
Stansfield, executive secretary of Health Metrics Network, says it's
time for the world to shift the ownership of health information to
countries instead of letting donors and disease-specific programmes run
the agenda. In the second editorial
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-051979.pdf> , Sanjoy
Bhattacharya proposes some strategies for breaking down the divide
between advocates of "vertical" and "horizontal" public health
programmes.
Patralekha Chatterjee reports from India on how substitution therapies
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-010308.pdf> , such as
methadone, are still the most promising methods of reducing drug
dependence after 40 years. Getting access to treatment is a global
problem, particularly in China, India and the Russian Federation.
Johnety Jerety reports from Fiji on how primary health care
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-020308.pdf> programmes
have stalled across the island nation due to a shortage of health
workers and funds. Peter Mwaura reports from Kenya on how post-election
violence disrupted the complex systems for delivering HIV/AIDS treatment
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-030308.pdf> in rural
areas.
In the first research paper, Nicola Cherry et al. determine the link
between high levels of arsenic in water supplies and an increase in
stillbirths <http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043083.pdf> .
Tom Solomon et al. assess the field-test version of the new WHO Japanese
encephalitis surveillance standards
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043307.pdf> , with some
advice for amendments.
Joseph R Egger et al. propose that mosquito control in Singapore
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-040170.pdf> has resulted
in decreased herd immunity to dengue fever in older age groups and, in
the fourth research item, Nick Andrews et al. urge countries in Europe
to step up vaccine coverage
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041129.pdf> and call for
catch-up campaigns for older age groups.
Josef G Thundiyil et al. propose an international standard for
classifying cases of pesticide poisoning
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041814.pdf> . Anna
Coutsoudis et al. suggest that exclusive breastfeeding by HIV-infected
mothers <http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041673.pdf> may
still be the best option of child survival in low-income countries.
Kumanan Wilson et al. suggest how federal countries might implement the
revised International Health Regulations
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042838.pdf> . Chutima
Suraratdecha et al. find that supportive supervision of immunization
programmes <http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/06-039495.pdf> in
India results in major cost savings. Sarah L White et al. present a
range of strategies for improving access to treatment for the world's
poorest sufferers of end-stage kidney disease
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041715.pdf> .
NEW FEATURE: 2008 marks the 60th anniversary of WHO and of the Bulletin.
You can read the first part of a series of articles on the history of
our journal on the history pages
<http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/history/en/index.html> on our
website.
Volume 86, Number 3, March 2008, 161-240
IN THIS MONTH'S BULLETIN
WHO 60th anniversary commemorative volume; International Health
Regulations; Immunization savings; The methadone fix; Towards
elimination of measles; Rise in dengue fever; Treatment turmoil;
Stillbirth linked to arsenic; A broken dream; Japanese encephalitis
surveillance; Breast may still be best; Global equity in renal
replacement therapy; Acute pesticide poisoning
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-000308/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 265kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-000308.pdf>
EDITORIALS
The usual words of caution
- Bulletin of the World Health Organization
doi: 10.2471/BLT.08.052100
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-052100/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 92kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-052100.pdf>
The local bases of global public health: complexities and opportunities
- Sanjoy Bhattacharya
doi: 10.2471/BLT.08.051979
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-051979/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 71kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-051979.pdf>
NEWS
The methadone fix
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-010308/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 987kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-010308.pdf>
Primary health care: Fiji's broken dream
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-020308/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 987kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-020308.pdf>
Turmoil disrupts AIDS care in Kenya
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-030308/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 986kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-030308.pdf>
An interview with Sally Stansfield - Who owns the information? Who has
the power?
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-040308/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 985kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-040308.pdf>
Recent news from WHO
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-050308/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 941kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/08-050308.pdf>
RESEARCH
Stillbirth in rural Bangladesh: arsenic exposure and other etiological
factors: a report from Gonoshasthaya Kendra
- Nicola Cherry et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.043083
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043083-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043083/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 391kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043083.pdf>
A cohort study to assess the new WHO Japanese encephalitis surveillance
standards
- Tom Solomon et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.043307
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043307-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043307/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 537kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043307.pdf>
Reconstructing historical changes in the force of infection of dengue
fever in Singapore: implications for surveillance and control
- Joseph R Egger et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.040170
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-040170-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-040170/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 839kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-040170.pdf>
Towards elimination: measles susceptibility in Australia and 17 European
countries
- Nick Andrews et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.041129
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041129-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041129/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 497kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041129.pdf>
POLICY AND PRACTICE
Acute pesticide poisoning: a proposed classification tool
- Josef G Thundiyil et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.041814
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041814-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041814/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 1.50Mb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041814.pdf>
HIV, infant feeding and more perils for poor people: new WHO guidelines
encourage review of formula milk policies
- Anna Coutsoudis et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.041673
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041673-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041673/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 330kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041673.pdf>
Strategies for implementing the new International Health Regulations in
federal countries
- Kumanan Wilson et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.042838
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042838-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042838/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 346kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042838.pdf>
Cost and effectiveness analysis of immunization service delivery support
in Andhra Pradesh, India
- Chutima Suraratdecha et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.06.039495
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/06-039495-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/06-039495/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 433kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/06-039495.pdf>
How can we achieve global equity in provision of renal replacement
therapy?
- Sarah L White et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.041715
Abstract [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041715-ab/en/index.h
> Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041715/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 513kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041715.pdf>
BOOKS & ELECTRONIC MEDIA
The global family planning revolution: three decades of population
policies and programmes
- Matthews Mathai
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.045658
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-045658/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 86kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-045658.pdf>
Ethnicity, race and health in a multicultural environment: foundations
for better epidemiology, public health and health care
- Helen Therese Allan
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.047589
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-047589/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 86kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-047589.pdf>
LETTERS
Reaching Every District (RED) approach: a way to improve immunization
performance
- Jos Vandelaer et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.042127
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042127/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 106kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042127.pdf>
Health insurance in sub-Saharan Africa: a call for subsidies
- Andreas Kalk
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.042135
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042135/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 106kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-042135.pdf>
Anti-tuberculosis medication side-effects constitute major factor for
poor adherence to tuberculosis treatment
- Niyi Awofeso
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.043802
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043802/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 106kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-043802.pdf>
Response to opt-out approach to prevent mother-to-child transmission of
HIV
- Kazuhiro Kakimoto
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.049833
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-049833/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 106kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-049833.pdf>
Declines in case management of diarrhoea among children less than five
years old
- Pavani Kalluri Ram et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.041384
Full article text [HTML]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041384/en/index.html
> Full article text [pdf 106kb]
<http://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/volumes/86/3/07-041384.pdf>